Đồng nghĩa của proof

Alternative for proof

proofs, proofed, proofing

Đồng nghĩa: cogent evidence, proof(p), proofread, substantiation, test copy, trial impression, validation,

Danh từ

Evidence or argument establishing a fact or the truth of a statement
evidence substantiation attestation confirmation corroboration validation verification authentication certification demonstration testament testimony witness documentation data facts testimonial ammunition case clincher voucher affidavit averment deposition establishment exhibit record trace argument documents goods grounds information reason reasons warrant paper trail smoking gun straight stuff affirmation support endorsement indication ratification manifestation credentials certificate justification authorization agreement sanctioning document sanction accreditation papers authorisation approval deed show consent assent passing nod okay exemplification passage declaration accord vindication admission proving avowal validating recognition affirming accepting verifying corroborating visa authorizing supporting authenticating authorising licence diploma credential monument green light go ahead instrument stamp of approval pass permit docket title warranty license sureness embodiment profession illustration reflection info cincher acknowledgment citations records statement circumstantiation bolstering weight sustainment backing reinforcement sign flaunting display exhibition tribute acknowledgement say-so determination explanation spectacle induction trial test description guarantee backup point testification coupon shingle sheepskin receipt paper ticket card passport ID missive remonstrance acceptance references recommendation bona fides identity papers ID card identification papers contract indenture character identification letters of credence badge identity card letter of recommendation token proof of qualifications letter of credence letter of introduction proof of identity legalization legalisation charter release bargain conveyance deed of covenant covenant title deed lease transaction compact legal agreement security legal document certificates vouchers deeds passes warrants permits dockets tickets tokens instruments coupons receipts stubs slips diplomas affidavits guarantees ducats carnets chitties chits checks note comps titles charters testimonials electronic signature letters of introduction indentures oaths title deeds pasteboard covenants leases proclamations notices counterfoils contracts badges compacts form confession imprimaturs I.D. sales slips entry permit photocard cataloging classification classifying detection tag apperception cataloguing bracelet assimilation identification documents statements declarations box tops advertisements credit slips testaments testifications shingles authentications travel documents rovers rainchecks season tickets laissez-passers invites rain checks board firmans identity cards missives ID cards recommendations passports letters of recommendation dog tag identity bracelet depositions IOUs debentures settlements pledges understanding arrangements deals accords ownership engagement bonds promise commitment pacts undertakings transactions conveyances releases bargains sheets

Danh từ

(rare, dated) The act of testing the truth of something
test scrutiny examination trial assay experiment ordeal analysis assessment experimentation investigation check evaluation tryout appraisal testing dry run try-out trial run pilot study trial and error verification screen test measuring examining experimenting questioning proving measurement trying out inspection research study scrutinization inquiry probe screening attempt exploration essay inquest paper audition review substantiation acid test feeler run-through enquiry try scan probing approval test drive rehearsal practice probation practise workout undertaking shakedown effort pilot showcase dummy run test period trial period R and D try on research and development test-run test run inquisition examen delving disquisition controlled test survey field test run dissection preparation going-over drill road test run through breakdown observation interrogation field trial training R & D deconstruction perusal exercise walk-through dress rehearsal cross-examination look-see audit checkup quizzing checking view legwork once-over fact-finding try out practice session practical test practice run bench test trial balloon test flight apprenticeship drive spin novitiate taste sample noviciate traineeship initiation experimental period vetting casting anatomizing anatomy consideration tech rehearsal technical run gypsy rehearsal final dress tech run full rehearsal scanning hearing trials straw vote check-up grilling recce quest case postmortem autopsy development valuation rating estimation demo catechism cross-questioning pumping monitoring anatomization poll third degree spot check taste test giving someone the third degree repetition field work R&D blue book final questionnaire canvass make-up the eye reconnaissance diagnosis perlustration discipline routine work-out shootaround warm-up seasoning drilling tune-up prepping background iteration maneuvers rehearsing maneuver kriegspiel manoeuvre prep manoeuvres demonstration venture procedure sing-through groundwork operation fling work try-on enterprise analyzation trial performance test performance practice exercise war game combat rehearsal scientific test fact finding

Danh từ

(printing) A trial impression of a page, taken from type or film and used for making corrections before final printing

Danh từ

An indication or sign of a situation
signal sign indication hint clue suggestion mark warning indicator pointer alert tip omen intimation evidence lead alarm manifestation cue token symptom reminder prompt demonstration beacon expression attestation testimony wink Mayday message SOS bleep blinker okay tip-off high sign signal fire smoke signal warning sign note trace symbol gesture badge inkling index significant indicia flag display prognostic guide vestige flash nod portent augury signification witness telltale implication substantiation wind notion reflection pledge telltale sign stamp light sigil giveaway testament bell caution validation verification syndrome example testimonial tribute insinuation instance information imputation innuendo info sneaking suspicion hot lead key smoking gun word inside wire trail track dead giveaway whisper confidential information disclosure declaration signifier show exhibition forewarning revelation memento representation memorial record register communication souvenir remembrance keepsake preamble explanation prefiguration auspice adumbration prolegomenon earnest emblem commemorative monument wake-up call recognition gift warrant sample pawn presage favour security favor notice marker heads-up alarum premonition notification admonition siren measure gauge prompting distress signal signpost word of warning red flag guideline prod forecast gage prediction foreboding advice threat admonishment foretoken foreshadowing announcement barometer advance warning prior warning writing on the wall word to the wise warning signal stimulus spur benchmark model goad standard yardstick idea whiff recommendation basis suspicion touchstone criterion mnemonic bellwether rule prophecy harbinger herald promise litmus test inference divination counsel feeling presentiment tocsin point of reference sniff impression danger signal alarm bells heads up handwriting on wall red light tip off call to arms flare call for help cry for help signature trademark hallmark ratio indicant formula landmark epiphany prescience prognostication jolt mention zeitgeber gleam allusion nudge jog foreknowledge precursor help catchword danger sign ill omen lodestar oracle vision apocalypse inspiration boost push twit feed smattering iota observation reference guiding light stick motivation incitement poker look out word to wise flea in ear a word to the wise hunch word of advice piece of advice the wink the nod grounds support conception sense direction goods dope knowledge faintest backing for grounds for reinforcement for support for specification requirement whistle horn faintest notion foggiest foggiest notion foggiest idea faintest idea precept proposal principle prescription instruction parameter regulation hooter meter scream alarm bell warning device shout blast call gong squeal trumpet warning sound buzzer flap drum scramble alarm signal clock yell cry policy procedure guidance constraint protocol limit directions code proclamation test notifying tidings guiding principle metre guide to ground rule standard procedure rule of thumb

Danh từ

A clear demonstration of one's emotion, skill, or quality
display expression demonstration show showing declaration exhibition statement assertion exposition illustration affirmation representation testimony manifestation performance presentation evidence indication exposure revelation substantiation confirmation disclosure impression showcase spectacle gesture profession avowal protestation attestation acknowledgement asseveration averment oath claim validation certification avouchment guarantee insistence vow pledge acknowledgment deposition maintenance allegation bomb explanation hot air publication enunciation pitch utterance admission broadcast two cents' worth remark advertisement spiel saying notice answer speech information say so story communication articulation announcement formulation wording verbalism phrasing voice airing fair proclamation pronouncement expo vocalization verbalization mention ventilation parade recitation exhibit demo retrospective talk vocalisation biennale mounting public display trade fair world fair voicing comment divulgence word pronunciation diction words uttering observation speaking testimonial vociferation tabling venting exclamation recital divulgation talking setting forth ejaculation affidavit viewing flaunting betrayal appearance exemplification materialization token commentary materialisation meaning index phenomenon indicator intimation conveyance embodiment symbol sign language elucidation narration elocution publicizing publicising means of expression confession concession opinion delivery raising reflection mouthing admitting acceptance ex thought coherent speech allowance self-confession unbosoming recognition carnival offering flash pageant sight fireworks front rant peroration vent reply discourse thesis oration sentence noise sound note response unburdening a scene an act concurrence assent owning up account communiqué report promulgation narrative dictum bulletin rundown expression of facts charge reckoning assurance aside expounding description expression of views relation picture manifesto presentment blow-by-blow

Danh từ

The thought processes leading to accepted theories or solutions
reasoning logic reason thinking analysis thought argument basis deduction grounds hypothesis premise ratiocination rationale rationalisation rationalization argumentation case explanation interpretation rationality thesis underpinning cerebration cogitation intellection proposition sense supposition calculation dialectics mentation story wisdom rationalising rationalizing reckoning syllogism syllogization thought process line of thought train of thought logical thought chain of reasoning line of reasoning process of reasoning whys and wherefores why and wherefore polemic assertion claim contention vindication issue expostulation defence questioning evidence accounting reasons excuse justification account dialectic plea demonstration declaration pleading defense apology foundation motive motivation philosophy validation good sense pretext wherefore connection cause abstract thought sound judgment raison d'être coherence sanity exposition inference relationship theory principle footing linkage induction syllogistics why presumption whatfor logical basis course of thought antithesis and synthesis song and dance statement proclamation appeal petition presentation postulation expounding authority point factor prudence whyfor prologism discretion consideration problem solving free thinking sake subject sour grapes discrimination deductive reasoning the big idea the whole idea school of thought causal agent base critical thinking warrant absolution extenuation mitigation exculpation exoneration apologia approval whitewashing answer palliation palliative advocacy support acquittal alibi just cause supporting evidence whole idea systematic thought judgement sagacity cognition relevance link common sense sound judgement judgment sensibleness soundness lucidity syllogistic reasoning good reason horse sense chain of thought formal system

Danh từ

A sign or indication of a quality or characteristic
mark characteristic marker sign attribute distinction feature hallmark indication quality symbol token affection aspect caliber calibre cast character component criterion disposition emblem evidence facet fingerprint manner note particularity penchant quirk standing symptom tendency trademark trait attribution badge bent clue complexion diagnostic differentia earmark eminence hint indicator manifestation notability peculiarity point property repute stamp streak value virtue way idiosyncrasy odor odour prestige reputation specific touch essential quality typical feature element specialty speciality individuality singularity essence nature oddity detail side factor habit slant temperament mannerism ingredient lineament constituent endowment condition differential savor tone sure sign savour telltale sign uniqueness twist stripe tinge thing nicety dimension eccentricity constitution foible custom faculty flavour flavor angle personality highlight distinctiveness make temper kind air style makeup frame mood part individualism signal prodrome identification ability edge strain abnormality trick power label tag denominator birthmark theme distinctive feature signature addition subtlety distinctive quality merit marking gag gimmick integrant inclination proclivity particular finish accessory status symbol essential respect originality thumbprint turn bearing incidental minutiae grace charm nature of the beast item signature characteristic bag sort parameter predication description article material fine point frill demeanor piece form demeanour strong point affirmation genius way of it name of tune nature of beast make-up persona attributes traits psychology ethos identity mentality spirit psyche features mould aura tenor qualities feel grain vein colors mettle shape properties complex clay humour key marked traits set vibrations mold crasis colours mystique humor sense ambience turn of mind sum and substance frame of mind appearance selfhood kidney feeling estimation self-identity practice fashion kink mode habitude regard crotchet curiosity tic quiddity quip consideration praxis circumstance groove wont erraticism hang-up perspective consuetude standpoint second nature grind viewpoint practise beaten path matter of course daily grind affectation ritual pattern issue effect routine influence procedure knack hand precedent observance into propensity question matter fact look portion strand connection point of view unconventionality rule impression direction addiction position determinant view method topic fault argument weakness failing level policy defect atmosphere exterior behavior characteristic gesture datum phase use usage technicality imperfection prospect oddness specification behaviour queerness flaw front proneness individual trait subcomponent carriage face pose dope image presence piece of information nitty-gritty member switch attitude integral part contributing factor determining factor modus operandi outline unorthodoxy personal trait shot proprieties measure p normality normalcy ordinariness customariness prevalence caprice whimsy whim dash trace concern reference ilk fetish constraint semblance facade scene relation management weight habitualness aberration guise façade bit section significance handling technique imprint variable mind tang wave obverse subject variable quantity deviation swim stature information proposition statement system drill entanglement perversion mien way one is usance figure looks info opinion data count instance unit minutia smell talent schedule structure circumstantiality fraction idea cause presentation ABCs reason garb expression countenance dress brass tacks minor point gift score itemized information line of reasoning subject matter gen low-down chapter and verse data point nuts and bolts meat and potatoes basis dynamic aptitude screen outside strangeness infirmity shortcoming frailty instrument instrumentality fundamental capacity weirdness outward aspect outer shell outward form unnaturalness bizarreness incongruity capability flair blemish means extraordinariness outlandishness freakishness head facility qualification gesticulation pretension gesture inadequacy weak point sin demerit want vice dereliction limitation curiousness phenomenon irregularity incongruousness anomaly freak building block antecedent part and parcel strength unusualness rarity weak spot wackiness anomalousness kookiness conduct habilitation conversation piece quirkiness convention feet of clay bad habit personal imperfection Achilles heel personal talent natural gift aptness tradition tikanga modus vivendi

Danh từ

Mental enlightenment of a problem or mystery
light enlightenment insight understanding illumination comprehension wisdom elucidation information knowledge sense clarification explanation awareness intelligence details discernment divination evidence facts intuition apprehension clues data edification epiphany erudition guidance resolution revelation truth education explication exposition info specifics thought unravelment clearing up illustration learning teaching instruction sophistication cultivation open-mindedness refinement broad-mindedness literacy civilization awakening liberalism development advancement culture satori bodhi civilisation an aha moment peace that passeth understanding findings input statistics advice notification gen observation figures material feedback detail particulars consultation counsel advisement recommendation caution suggestion tip news instructions directions notice direction ammo dope chapter and verse deets whole story what's what word to the wise low-down discovery perception bum steer inspiration verification science lore orientation proposal advocacy cue admonition confirmation earful warning schooling account score conclusions documentation dossier word report notes numbers results scoop records latest reports documents communication dirt materials background files essentials leak dispatch briefing lowdown reportage chatter tidings statement file disclosure picture story item brass tacks hot tip inside information rumor clue rumour heads up inside dope like it is inside story bottom line tip-off

Danh từ

Knowledge gathered throughout one's life
experience knowledge skill wisdom expertise exposure familiarity involvement proficiency skills capability competence insight intimacy know-how mastery practical knowledge practice savvy training understanding acumen command impression judgement judgment maturity perspicacity professionalism qualification qualifications savoir-faire talent worldliness acquaintance action authority comprehension contact conversance education finesse grounding learning smarts ability awareness capacity common sense development dexterity discretion distinction doing efficiency empiricism enlightenment evidence expertness faculty fitness foresight grasp gumption hindsight inclination intelligence intuitiveness knack life skills perception power profundity prowess prudence rationality reason refinement resourcefulness right stuff sagaciousness sagacity sageness scholarship skillfulness sophistication tact tactfulness technique touch genius observation participation suaveness shrewdness discernment adeptness accomplishment astuteness perceptiveness sapience erudition practicality discrimination skilfulness adroitness sense cleverness savoir faire aptitude penetration deftness judiciousness good judgment credentials clear thinking perceptivity brains sharpness art background facility acuity what it takes horse sense levelheadedness apprehension nous percipience canniness past craft moxie ingenuity sensibleness perspicuity cognition abilities competency circumspection thoughtfulness cognizance knowingness chops sanity intuition wit gift poise perspicaciousness heedfulness consideration intellect wits good sense flair sound judgment appreciation effectiveness attainment information accomplishments acuteness vigilance logic wariness previous circumstances qualifiedness grip intellection artistry soundness pansophy balance caution pragmatism watchfulness the goods culture goods clear-sightedness good judgement presence of mind aptness past history antecedents sharp-wittedness acquaintanceship smartness omniscience virtuosity conception taste bent intellectuality arguteness thought quickness makings incisiveness specialization mentality solidity stability lucidity level-headedness worldly wisdom lucidness cunning forethought reasoning providence keenness marbles rationalness commonsense might good reasoning edification record sound mind powers of discernment cognitive faculties soundness of mind study learnedness consciousness excellence skillset brilliance vision qualities urbanity polish recognition forte achievement specialisation acknowledgement deeds features alertness realization depth attention stuff cool knowledgeableness fluency curriculum vitae acquaintance with responsiveness profoundness cultivation elegance urbaneness policy couth civilization heed insight into capableness adequacy concept familiarity with civilisation coherence readiness acknowledgment realisation address ratiocination deep insight clear mind logical thought scientific thinking sensitivity artfulness artifice masterfulness doctrine acquirements attributes civility rectitude respectability sound judgement native intelligence handiness skillage nimbleness attainments employability versatility probity thoroughness steadiness rationale initiative discreetness enterprise magic saneness drive self-confidence essential qualities courage dependability whatever it takes bravery the makings guts the stuff sleight matureness subtleness far-sightedness prescience imagination deepness control academic attainment dedication willingness polished skill reliability native wit mother wit realism powers of reasoning common reasonableness adultness responsibleness basic skills social skills soft skills survival skills interpersonal skills psychosocial skills mastership schooling strength potentiality potential truths divination cavernousness insightfulness fathomlessness reach immensity aplomb faculties facilities resources breadth of view clue expertism cop on sound sense sweet reason caliber calibre suitability history IQ fluency in ability in stature sample the right stuff cutting it making the grade hacking it cutting the mustard advance advancement oil headway progress formula up to it strong point certificate fundamentals knowledgeability eligibility green thumb quality attribute preparedness endowments competencies test trial try repertoire suitableness diploma document degree seasoning preparation masterliness sense of responsibility acquaintanceship with lesson ableness feeling warrant licence skillsets breeding contact with exposure to acceptability notion foxiness caginess artistic awareness belles-lettres letters gentility intellectual awareness subtlety idea sensation cageyness knowing inside out fields of expertise conversance with awareness of understanding of grasp of feel conversancy with talents cognizance of experience of knowledge of comprehension of cognisance assessment picture view science finish class improvement kindness nobility elevation politeness courtesy aestheticism grace fashion manners dress good taste dignity participation in involvement with hardheadedness brightness apprehending interpretation hold take viewpoint reading mindfulness capacities fortes competences belief realizing slant estimation proficiency in skill with expertise in mastery of skill in observance regard concern style attitude realising image approach conceit flash big idea brain wave plan light opinion accuracy precision quick-wittedness smoothness advertence notice attentiveness advertency sensibility care self-understanding apperception assimilation self-awareness wakefulness sentience chic classiness sensitivity to sensibility to savoir-vivre savoir vivre social grace endowment propensity head mind wherewithal instinct brain means turn promise leaning potency disposition predilection proclivity possibility nose natural ability puissance prospect tendency penchant clout character feasibility giftedness predisposition mental ability likelihood eventuality scope constitution habilitation set merit worthiness agility prospects panache headpiece brainpower braininess temperament I.Q. worth intellectual capacity mental capacity intellectual power mental acuity superiority eminence hope trick probability savviness standard plausibility opportunity conceivability dexterousness odds essence gifts strengths virtue force value shot likeliness acquirement bias inventiveness proneness outlook function property peculiarity pre-eminence way impulse affection form competitiveness slickness pizzazz portfolio partiality devices affinity habitude bone pzazz craftsmanship humour ken wizardry gray matter druthers mental agility idiosyncrasy susceptibility quickness of mind brain power type humor turn of mind docility mental powers cerebrum psyche possibilities specialty feature numen speciality encouragement characteristic powers parts creativity senses dynamism innate knowledge workmanship loaf kop sixth sense dodge ingeniousness effectualness efficacy physical ability gracefulness artistic ability expectation future agency originality superability inspiration asset creative power the formula opening glamor splash presence zip glamour shine personal talent natural gift method secret great ability appropriateness hang of something practicability hang of it good chance preference orientation achievability rightness bag appositeness workableness chances pistol ability to understand aha slow take double take prehension propriety felicity attainability attainableness aim tilt mind-set inclining head-set tack seemliness chance fittingness felicitousness circumstance occasion occurrence instance stab play knowing way around nature properness weakness for thing for prayer toss-up happiness personality wish desire temper outside chance liking fancy stamp spirit complexion make-up prejudice weakness thirst stomach velleity need longing fondness mettle list aspiration craving yearning hankering grain soul mood urge cup of tea movement groove attraction drift pleasure soft spot thing trend whim persuasion attachment will tendencies mould ego individualism individuality cast of mind inner nature structure makeup emotions mold distinctiveness cast frame of mind kind precocity trenchancy precociousness brain cells grey matter

Danh từ

A barely discernible indication of something
trace touch hint bit shadow suggestion suspicion drop speck spot trifle whiff crumb dash shred streak tinge breath footstep intimation nuance smidgen tincture fragment glimmer iota jot tad ace dab dram driblet flicker lick little mite nip ounce particle peanuts ray scintilla scruple shade skosh slot smack smell smidgeon snap spark spatter splash sprinkling step strain tang vestige soupçon spoor element memento minimum nib pinch record residue smattering snippet taste tittle token whisper modicum scrap morsel grain atom whit smidge molecule stim dribble scantling fraction overtone small amount inkling undertone dot vein fleck granule sliver piece snip mote trickle air flavour little bit jot or tittle shaving patch impression flavor scent dollop nugget note flyspeck indication ghost sign nubbin droplet semblance chip part minim dose portion shard sample aura gleam slice colouring murmur tiny amount chicken feed chunk lump splinter snatch sprinkle flake coloring connotation drop in the bucket hoot echo shot implication savour atmosphere sniff bite tiny piece savor mouthful degree segment share flash skerrick butt fig evocation moiety whoop syllable continental rap scoosh durn darn stub stump strand specimen undercurrent glimmering feeling tiny bit odor odour extract aroma vibrations small quantity insinuation tone cast smitch measure sparkle small piece subcurrent end nucleus parcel excerpt division item section ort inch scale tiniest bit trait spoonful clue small bit scattering hunk paring hair wind tenor association glitter draught quantity vibes sense distinction tendency soupcon glint faint sign stitch tot any draft smithereen infinitesimal small portion few drops seed diddly squat niggle stroke speckle least bit snort thread footprint footmark evidence spit arc beam corn relic thimbleful glow minute cantlet mixture shake powdering dust admixture amount signal tatter smudge recreation elicitation idea reminiscence recall wisp smear blob glob slip gob faint appearance glimpse blot brush sip tidbit significance innuendo inhalation snuff fume flatus peck some detail slightest bit tiny part squirt seasoning small degree bubkes doodly-squat diddly-squat beans doodley-squat bupkes oval wee bit hair's breadth notion secondary meaning inference meaning hidden meaning niff picayune spice eyelash squeeze reminder cue millimeter allusion gradation subtlety refinement nicety distinctive quality temper small thing trend a small sum a trifling amount a trifling sum a paltry sum faint smell brief smell breadth hairsbreadth ambience ambiance drift redolence pinpoint mark hum rumour buzz rumor mumble halo patina karma mood intonation climate inflection graduation variation shading modulation propensity flow stream eddy tide direction crosscurrent current riptide inclination pull hairbreadth hair's-breath nimbus hidden feeling low tone gobbet mottle blotch dapple pip eyespot splotch pin inflexion representation millimetre whisker period twinkle fine distinction subtle difference subtle distinction point shine twinkling wink blink glance shimmer quality manner feature characteristic character attribute mannerism stamp side quirk eccentricity trademark virtue hallmark aspect habit custom idiosyncrasy peculiarity affection foible lineament fingerprint cut slab wedge strip bar remnant wafer shiver block spall skelf cake tablet wodge member brick spillikin titbit splint offcut nibble stick cube sampling cutting length article knob layer rag ribbon quota take proportion allowance allotment few smatter handful half lot dole slither scatter swallow couple unit spell ingot finger gallet fillet filet stripe narrow piece belt tongue chippings chapter movement deal bargain buy steal stretch very little loaf smithereens oddment selection rudiments elements filing pellet needle potsherd trimming drip globule toothful capful component partition forkful clipping bead chipping tranche rove peeling subdivision group smallest part matchwood flinders helping articulation thorn small percentage tiny proportion pennyworth sup wood slurp taster canapé muck plate boulder rod stave stone board billet monkey's tear appetiser part of something pencil band rectangle juicy bit appetizer squama dusting hors d'oeuvre one bit pellicle skin cell snowflake peel scab membrane foil sheet tinker's curse brass farthing even a little bit two hoots smallest amount tinker's cuss coin one or two not many a small number circle pinprick macule macula twist neck hairline lock tendril tiny mark shock curl string tuft stone's throw small margin shouting distance

Danh từ

A sample for medical testing, especially of urine

Danh từ

An excuse or pretext
alibi reason excuse justification plea defence explanation pretext apology defense vindication line story account affirmation allegation answer assertion assurance avowal case cop-out cover declaration defending evidence profession reply retort stall statement airtight case fish story song and dance extenuation rationalization argument mitigation rationalisation apologia palliation grounds cause whitewash cover story why and wherefore pretence expedient basis pretense subterfuge routine cover-up ostensible reason rationale advocacy support exculpation exoneration evasion front approval coverup fabrication disguise get-out mitigating circumstances claim action suit meaning out right sense accounting motive fish tale warrant confession reasoning absolution the why and wherefore premise foundation validation whitewashing wherefore palliative acquittal just cause whatfor endorsement explication whole idea raison d'être copout ploy ruse excusing explaining response promotion device jive apologetics apologizing return cleanup testimony apologising simulation stratagem feint con fig leaf red herring alleged reason supposed grounds false excuse thesis logic motivation exposition thinking hypothesis argumentation underpinning whys and wherefores line of reasoning expostulation occasion reasons contention ratiocination reckoning evidence rationality ground syllogism polemic principle theory philosophy thought analysis call inducement incentive purpose deduction provocation postulation point deposition interpretation antecedent causation causality pleading submission authority why intellection cerebration cogitation supposition proposition logical basis subject calculation dialectics wisdom mentation rationalising rationalizing syllogization thought process line of thought logical thought process of reasoning train of thought chain of reasoning appeasement apologism apologetic proclamation appeal petition presentation expounding connection factor issue questioning good sense school of thought sake footing whyfor necessity demonstration dialectic modification moderation qualification reduction need requirement stimulus auditing sour grapes influence prompting obligation determinant the big idea the whole idea remonstrance view stand position an excuse accountancy calculating bookkeeping computing book-keeping belief opinion protestation report idea representation complaint protest maintaining announcement asseveration pronouncement discussion advancement contestation charge predication hurrah demurrer balancing the books rumpus goal intention aim impetus objective end target design object instigation source genesis origin driver inspiration causal agent driving force principal element chief ingredient

Danh từ

A previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion
premise assumption hypothesis postulate presupposition proposition supposition presumption thesis argument assertion postulation conjecture datum given ground hypothetical if speculation surmise belief premiss thought apriorism basis evidence foundation grounds idea posit principle statement theory guess inference opinion suspicion shot shot in the dark deduction expectation sneaking suspicion notion stab hunch conclusion fancy supposal acceptance view theorization theorem concept anticipation contention proposal accepting assuming guesswork position guesstimate guessing preconception prediction judgement prejudgement preconceived notion preconceived idea generalization generalisation judgment impression theme reckoning subject topic feeling text matter contestation sentiment line point likelihood doubt suppose condition possibility line of argument rough guess stab in the dark rationale axiom reason plan philosophy interpretation scheme suggestion attribution explanation system antecedent lemma assignment layout derivation educated guess starting point tentative law theorizing estimate induction theorising reasoning ballpark figure projection prejudice prejudgment conviction predisposition hypothesizing consequence contemplation estimation determination eduction sequitur corollary hypothesising divination extrapolation ratiocination illation approximations hunches feelings guesstimates reck surmisal attempt something on the brain ballpark figures rough calculations reading prepossession calculation surmising imagining approximation forecast expectance implication insinuation hint bias halseny rough idea rough calculation perhaps promise assurance trust faith expectancy imagination postulating positing presuming reassurance apprehension reliance verdict thinking finding design confidence analysis cogitation logic findings results inclination delusion illusion predetermination reading between the lines understanding inferring consideration deliberation result mulling answer meditation musing concluding reflection pondering rumination intention motive fixed idea parti pris

Trái nghĩa của proof

proof Thành ngữ, tục ngữ

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